Do you wonder what GSM codes are? GSM is the abbreviation for Global System for Mobile Communications. This standard defines various codes with which you can control phones which implement this standard. For example, you can configure call forwarding and other similar options too. In this article we will look at call forwarding only. You can control lots of other features with GSM codes, which I will discuss in a later post.

These are the GSM codes of interest, if you need to divert calls on your phone:

1. **21*a phone number#  – to register a phone number and activate the diversion of all calls to this number.
2. *21# — to activate divert all calls function (supposed you already have registered a phone number in the past).
3. #21# — to deactivate divert all calls.

You can enter these codes through the Phone’s keypad. Just open the phone application and tap on the Keypad tab. Enter **21*a phone number# to register a phone number to which you want to forward incoming calls. When you register a phone number, that will also activate call diversion. With the code #21# you can deactivate call diversion.

If you are like me you have every chance of forgetting to deactivate the forwarding function. Therefore, it might be a good idea to set an alarm in the clock application to remind you of turning off call diversion.

The next time you need to divert incoming calls, it is enough to enter the code *21#, as the number is already registered. If you need to divert to a different number you certainly can register a new number.

As I am not good in remembering GSM codes I have installed shortcuts in the address book. This is how you can do it:

• Open the contact to whom you want to divert the call to.
• Tap on the Edit button and select Add new Phone.
• Enter the GSM code together with the number you want to forward calls to (e.g. **21*08150815#).
• Press on the label beneath the phone field to add a custom field (Press Edit on the Label view, then select Add Custom Label).
• Do the same steps once more to add a phone number which will deactivate the divert all calls function.

This is how you can use GSM codes to forward calls to another phone. Look through the list I have linked to for further useful GSM codes. For example, there are GSM codes with which you can hide your caller id when making phone calls. Check the Quick Tip category in the coming days. I will write another short post about the caller id soon.

Syncing will safeguard the following data:

• Music
• Videos
• Photos
• Contacts
• Calendar
• Bookmarks
• Settings (mail account settings, device settings, etc.)

Backups, on the Other Hand, will safeguard the following data:

• Text messages
• Notes from the notes application
• Locations from the maps application
• Call history
• Contact favorites
• Cookies
• Settings (sound, widget, network)
• Photos (Yes, they get backed up and synced)
• And most importantly it will store the data of third party apps!

You see, there is a big difference as regards which data gets transferred between your mobile device and your stationary computer. You should always do both backups and synchronizations.

When you want to protect your data from being lost, there are only a few important things you need adhere to:

1. Learn how to backup your iPhone or iPod touch
2. Learn how to restore your valuable data
3. Backup your data regularly

How to backup your iPhone or iPod touch

Backing up your data is easy. Just connect your iPhone to your desktop computer. Depending on your settings, the synchronization will start automatically or you need to start the synchronizationmanually by pressing the sync button on the Summary tab in iTunes. If you are using a laptop computer, remember to connect your laptop to the power supply as backups may take several minutes to complete with the iPhone software version 2.2. If you are using an older software version it can take considerably longer. You should configure iTunes to sync automatically when you connect your device. iTunes will backup your device only when you connect it to your computer regardless of how often you press the sync button in iTunes. If you want to enforce a new backup you must disconnect and reconnect your device. This will trigger a new backup.

Never disconnect your iPhone or iPod touch while it is backing up your device. If you do, you will have a corrupt backup.

You can see the created backups in iTunes > Preferences > Devices > Device backups. This is where you can delete older backups. The backup files have a file extension of .mdbackup. You can find these files in your home directory by following Library > Application Support > MobileSync > Backup. In Backup you will find different sub folders. For each of your devices there will be one. Beneath this directory you will see the actual backup files which have been created by iTunes. You can analyse these files by using the iPhone backup extractor as described below.

How to restore your data

In order to restore a backup you created earlier just connect your iPhone or iPod touch to your computer and press the restore button on the Summary tab in iTunes.

Though I have never tried it myself, it should also be possible to restore your iPhone backups to a different device. Naturally all data gets overwritten when you restore a backup. Therefore be extremely careful. 

The backup extractor

There is a supercrazyawesome tool available with which you can have a peek into the backup files iTunes creates. The backup extractor has just two buttons. The Read Backups button will look for backup files on your computer and lists all backup files it finds. When you select one backup file from the list in the main window and press the second button labeled Extract the extractor will ask for a directory where you want to save the extracted data.

In the listing of your backup files you will see one backup which is especially interesting. It is labeled Other Files. If you extract this one you will come across lots of familiar data. For example you will see a sqlite3 data base file, which contains your address book data. As far as I know it is not possible to alter any data and play it back onto your device. The author of the iPhone backup extractor is considering adding this functionality in the future. The backup extractor tool is donation ware. So, if you use it on a regular basis please support the author by making a donation.

Do backups regularly

With the new iPhone Software version 2.2, backups get created fairly quickly. Therefore, I advise you to configure iTunes to sync your device automatically each time you connect it to your computer.

This should be everything you need to know about securing your iPhone against data loss. Go ahead, start your backup now.

Should you still feel a desire for more information on making backups, please head over to the official Apple site and check out what Apple has to say about iPhone backups.

1. Open the site you want to have a shortcut for in mobile Safari.
2. Resize and move the page to the section you want to start off the next time you open the shortcut. Mobile Safari will remember the exact position.
3. Press the + sign in the bottom toolbar and select Add To Home Screen. The iPhone will make a screenshot of the page, which will be used as an icon on the Home screen.

Go ahead, now you have a convenient shortcut on your Home screen.

1. Protect your iPhone against unwanted access. Activate the Pin Pad under Settings > General > Passcode Lock. Also set the Auto-Lock to at least 5 minutes. This will lock the iPhone automatically after 5 minutes. You can also configure your iPhone in a way that will erase all data after 10 failed passcode attempts. I am not using this feature, because I am afraid that my 2 year old daughter will try to guess the code and will not achieve it under 10 attempts.
2. Ensure that you reveal your location only to those services you trust. Therefore deactivate location services by default. You can do this in Settings > General > Location Services. Yes, I am paranoid.
3. Configure your iPhone to ask for permission before connecting to wireless networks. Set Settings > Wi-Fi > Ask to Join Networks to on.
4. Whenever possible, use an SSL connection when you surf with mobile Safari. You can see that a connection is secure when mobile Safari is displaying a little lock in the address bar.
5. Whenever possible, use an SSL connection to retrieve your mail. Settings > Mail, Contacts, Calendars > Your Account > Advanced > Use SSL is the right place to do it.
6. Under Settings > Safari you can control various security settings for mobile Safari. You can deactivate JavaScript, block pop-ups and reject or delete cookies.
7. Use a secure data store application to store confidential documents. There are several offers in the App Store.
8. Use a secure password store application to store passwords. There are several programs which will do the job. Look for applications which do use encryption.
9. Do backup your iPhone regularly through iTunes. Apple has written a short article on their support pages about backing up your data and applications.

This list is not complete. For example, you can configure a virtual private network to use with your iPhone. The headline says easy to follow steps; therefore, I will leave the VPN to another post. You can also set restrictions on various iPhone applications. I do not consider these to be essential, but encourage you to play around with these (Settings > General > Restrictions). Certainly there are even more tips and tricks regarding iPhone security. Let us know your best tips and tricks.

I hope you are already determined to take security seriously. If not, read this funny story. Funny, because the story came to a good end. Imagine this happening to you. A nightmare!

• Sleep/Wake button, on the top right of your iPhone
• Volume button, on the left side
• Mute switch, on the left side of the iPhone, just above the volume control
• Home button, on the front of your iPhone, just beneath the touch screen

The Sleep/Wake button lets you lock/unlock the iPhone respectively. Locking does not mean powering off though. It just turns off the touch screen. Any open application will continue to run. To power off the iPhone you need to press and hold the Sleep/Wake button for a few seconds, then drag the slider to the right side. To turn your iPhone on again just press the Sleep/Wake button for about two seconds.

The volume button controls the volume of the playback audio or the ring tone volume, depending on the context the button is used in.

The mute button mutes the external speaker. When the switch is down you can see a red dot on the switch indicating that the phone is muted. Before the introduction of the Software update 2.2 muting did not work properly. For example it was not possible to mute the sounds which came from the Koi Pond application or other third party apps. But it seems to be fixed in 2.2.

The Home button has several functions:

• Pressing and holding the Home button while you are on one of the Home screens lets you rearrange your application icons. The icons will start to wiggle. You then can rearrange the icons. You can also delete applications by pressing the x control on the top left corner of an icon. Press the Home button once more when you have finished rearranging and deleting.
• Pressing the Home button briefly while you are on one of the Home screens will bring you back to the first Home screen.
• Pressing and holding the Home button and the Sleep/Wake button will reboot your iPhone. When you hold the buttons for a few seconds a slider will appear on the screen. Drag it to the right to reboot your device.
• Pressing the Home button while an application is open will end that application.
• Pressing the Home button for about six seconds while an application is open will force quit the application. This is useful when an application is not responding anymore.
• Pressing the Home button twice quickly will bring you back to your first Home screen, open your favorite contacts list or, start the iPod application. You can choose which of these features you want to activate in Settings > General > Home button.
• Pressing the Home button twice while the iPhone is locked will launch the iPod widget, with which you can control the audio playback volume, start/stop the playback or, change the track.

Apple provides a user guide optimized for mobile Safari. There is a link in the bookmarks folder of mobile Safari, which points to help.apple.com/iphone.

That’s all folks. Have I missed a button feature? Let me know in the comments.

• You can answer an incoming call by pressing the headphone button once. Press it again if you want to hang up.
• While you are listening to music on your iPhone, you can press the headphone’s button once to pause the music. Press it once more to start the playback again.
• Use a double click to play the next track in your playlist.
• There is another interesting feature. If you want to jump back to the beginning of the current track, you need only to press the button three times in a row. If the playback is a few seconds in the track, the playback of the previous track will be started. This will need some practice though.
• Pressing the button while no music is playing, the iPhone will pick a random track and start the playback.
• Pulling out the headphone while you’re listening to your iPod, will stop the playback. When you start the playback again you will notice that the iPod is repeating the last two or three seconds. This is especially useful when listening to podcasts.

Here is a short list of the tips and tricks you might find useful when surfing the web with mobile Safari. Some of these weren’t that obvious to me, so I thought I should share them with you.

• Rotate the iPhone by 90 degrees to surf in landscape mode.
• Double tap on a column zooms that column in for better reading. Double tap anywhere on the screen to zoom out again.
• A tap on the status bar (where the carrier, time and, battery information is shown) propels you right to the top of the current web page. This actually works in some other applications as well.
• Tap and hold down the finger on a picture to save that picture into the camera roll of the Photo application.
• You can sync the bookmarks between mobile Safari and your Safari installation on your desktop computer.
• When you are entering URLs you can omit the www. part of the address.
• When entering URLs into the address field you can use the top level domain shortcut I described in The Advantages of a Virtual Keyboard.
• A little lock icon on the left of the address bar shows you whether you are using a secure https connection. This is useful, because normally you will not see the scheme name (http, https, etc.) of the URL.
• Sometimes you want to see where a URL is pointing to before opening it. Tap and hold down the finger on the URL for a second. A little bubble will show you the link’s name and destination.

That’s all that comes to my mind when I think about how to best use mobile Safari. Have I forgotten some useful tips and tricks? Leave a comment to share your secret power tips with us.

With software update 2.2 it is now possible to turn auto-correction on or off. I think this has been the second most often requested feature right behind cut and paste, which was by far the most often requested one. You can find the auto-correction switch in the settings application under General > Keyboard > Auto-Correction.

Another feature which might be useful to you is the “.” shortcut. If switched on, you can tap the space bar twice to enter a period followed by a space character. The switch can be found in Settings > General > Keyboard > “.” Shortcut.

Have you noticed the little globe key to the left of the space bar in the keyboard screen shots? You can choose from different international keyboards in the settings application under General > Keyboard > International Keyboards. For example, when you need to write emails in different languages this is a convenient method to switch between different keyboards and languages. Just press the globe to switch to the next configured language. This will not only change the keyboard layout, but also the auto-correction dictionary. When you have pressed the globe, the language you have switched to is displayed on the space bar for about one second. For me, switching between different keyboards comes in handy when I want to write emails to my Spanish speaking friends.

One feature I wasn’t aware of before I read about it this week is the capability to hit the shift key twice to switch to caps-lock mode. You also need to enable this feature in the settings application under General > Keyboard > Enable Caps Lock. You might want to use this feature if you need to yell at your COLLEAGUES, when writing them an email.

If you need to enter special letters like German umlaute (ü, ö, ä) or the Spanish letter eñe (ñ) just tap the underlying key and hold it for a short period. You will notice that a contextual menu appears where you can choose the special letter from. This also works when entering email addresses or URLs, as depicted in the screen shot.

Last but not least, here is one of my favourite keyboard tricks. You can enter characters by swiping on the keyboard. This is helpful when you need to enter passwords which are often a combination of letters, digits and special characters. For example, you can enter a digit by tapping on the 123 key and then swiping to the number key you want to enter. When you have entered the number just release the key and you will notice that the keyboard switches back to the mode for entering characters again.

Now, try these tricks with a device which has a real physical keyboard.

Did you know that the iPhone has a built-in scientific calculator? Just open the calculator and rotate your iPhone by 90 degrees into landscape perspective. You will see that your plain old calculator application has much more to offer. Just explore it and feel the difference.